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''Vaterländischer Künstlerverein'' was a collaborative musical publication or anthology, incorporating 83 variations for piano on a theme by Anton Diabelli, written by 51 composers living in or associated with Austria. It was published in two parts in 1823 and 1824, by firms headed by Diabelli. It includes Ludwig van Beethoven's ''Diabelli Variations'', Op. 120 (a set of 33 variations), as well as single variations from 50 other composers including Carl Czerny, Franz Schubert, Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Ignaz Moscheles, Friedrich Kalkbrenner, Franz Liszt (aged only 12 at the time of publication), and a host of lesser-known names including a son of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and others now largely forgotten. ''Vaterländischer Künstlerverein'' has various translations, including "Patriotic Artists' Association",〔 "Art Association of the Fatherland",〔( Paul F. Zweifel )〕 "Patriotic Culture Club",〔(Wordscape )〕 "Fatherland's Society of Artists",〔 "National Artists' Association", "Native Artist's Association" and "Native Society of Artists".〔(Raptus Association )〕 ==Background== In 1819,〔(Naxos )〕 the Viennese publishing house of Cappi & Diabelli invited a number of Austrian composers to contribute one variation each for the piano, on a theme written by Anton Diabelli himself, one of the principals of the firm. Diabelli's theme is usually described as a waltz, but in form it has more of the character of a Ländler.〔 Carl Czerny was asked to also provide a coda as a suitable way of rounding out the collection.〔 Ludwig van Beethoven exceeded his brief by writing no less than 33 variations, and entered into negotiations with Diabelli to have his set published separately from the others. Beethoven's first biographer Anton Schindler wrote that the project was first devised in the winter of 1822-23, but this is an error, as Czerny's manuscript is dated 7 May 1819〔 and Franz Schubert's variation is known to have been written in March 1821.〔 Czerny's was the earliest variation to be written, and as he also wrote the coda, it is likely that Diabelli involved him in the project from the very beginning. It is also likely that the invitations were sent not long before Czerny's contributions were written (May 1819), but certainly no later.〔 It is not known exactly what lay behind this project, other than perhaps a simple act of self-promotion, either for the firm or for Diabelli himself. The combined contributions were published as ''Vaterländischer Künstlerverein'', in two parts. Part I was published by Cappi & Diabelli〔 in June 1823, and consisted of Beethoven's 33 variations (now known as the ''Diabelli Variations'', Op. 120), with a dedication to Mme Antonie von Brentano. By the time the second part was published, the two principals, Diabelli and Pietro Cappi had parted company,〔Wikisource〕 and Diabelli had joined with Anton Spina and renamed the firm Diabelli & Co.〔(Answers.com )〕 Part II was published in late 1823 or early 1824 by Diabelli & Co., and includes the other 50 variations and Czerny's coda. It is also not known how many composers were approached, but 51 responded to the invitation. Some well-known names such as Ignaz Seyfried and Joseph Weigl do not appear. Whether they were not interested in participating or whether they were not even approached is not known. Leaving Beethoven's 33 variations to one side, 48 of the other 50 composers wrote only the one variation they were asked for. Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart and Gottfried Rieger wrote two variations each, but only one from each of them was originally published.〔Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed. 1954, Eric Blom, ed.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vaterländischer Künstlerverein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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